Mechanical pencil



Oct. 25, 1938. J. P. LYNN MECHANICAL PENCIL 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July s1, 1937 @Mmm Oct. 25, 1938'. L P LYNN 2,134,568

MECHANICAL PENCIL Filed July 3l, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Oct. 25, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MECHANICAL PENCIL John P. Lynn. Chicago. Ill., assigner to Dur-- -Lite Pencil Company, Melrose Park. IIL, a oorporaon of Delaware Application Jul! 31, 1937, Serial N0. 158,649

25 Claims. (Cl. 12I-18) This invention relates to improvements in mefigures illustrate one preferred construction of chanical pencils of the type having a body and a pencil manufactured in accordance with this inremovable tip in which relative rotation between vention and further illustrate various modifica.- the tip and the body' serves to actuate the lead tions of certain features thereof. In the drawpropelling mechanism. ingss This invention further relates to the .method Figure l is a cross sectional view of one form of manufacturing and assembling the pencil of of pencil constructed in accordance with this this invention. invention;

It is an object of this invention to provide a Figure 2 is a cross sectional view of the pencil 1o new and improved construction for mechanical shown in Figure 1 taken on the line 2-2 and 1Q pencils whereby a finishing ring or element is looking in the direction of the arrows; provided between the adjoining edges of the body Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of the pencil of the pencil and the removable tip so that an shown in Figure l, taken on the line 3--3 and improved finished appearance is imparted to the looking-in the direction of the arrows;

l.; pencil and the rough or sharp adjoining edges Figure 4 is a cross sectional view of Figure 1 1r of the body and tip are eliminated. This feataken on the line l-l and looking in the directure makes it possible to provide a pencil of imtion of the arrows; proved construction and appearance by the pre- Figure 5 is an elevational view of the tube convailing inexpensive methods of manufacture and stituting a portion of the body of the pencil;

assembly which, except for this improvement. Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5, showing 2o would produce slight inaccuracies and in certain an outside shell constituting the surface lof the instances misalignment of the tip and body porbody. placed upon the tube: tions with the result that an objectionable rough Figure 'I is an elevational view of the tip, lead or sharp edge occurs at the location where theV tube and plunger construction as it appears when pencil is grasped for writing purposes. This is removed from thebody ofthe pencil;

objectionable as it provides an undesirable feel- Figure 8 is a perspective view of the clip locking .in the hands of the operator. This is paring sleeve used in the pencil shown in Figure 1; ticulariy true in cases where one or both of the Figure 9 is an elevational view of the plunger body and tip portions are polygonal and they are tube used in the pencil shown in Figure l;

rotatable relative to each other. This also pro- Figure l0 is a fragmentary'elevational view of 30 duces misalignment of the fiat surfaces. a slightly modified form of plunger tube;

Accordingly, it is a further object of this inven- Figure 11 is a view showing a still further modi tion to provide a construction st the Joint of a fled form of plunger tube having a hub and body pencil between the body and tip which will subtube mounted thereon and illustrating a modified 1:5 stantially eliminate detection through the sense method of attaching a body tube to the hub; 3f of feel of the adjoining edges of the tip and body Figure 12 is an elevational view showing the and without resorting to the placement at this hub member'utilized in the pencil shown in location of a protruding ring or member which, of Figure l; itself, would be noticeably felt by the user. In Figure 13 shows a slightlysmodiiied form of 10 other words, it has been found desirable in pencils hub, dinering in certain details from the hubs 4( lof this kind to eliminate the unwanted edges and shown in Figures l1 and l2;

yet to avoid the placement of any bulky or pro- Figure '14 is a fragmentary elevational view truding ring or other member at the Joint, and partly in cross section illustrating a modified this result is produced by the present invention. form of this invention. disclosing a ring member si, A further object of this invention is to provide for interrupting the Joint at the edges of the tip 4:

a new pencil construction which lends itself to and body, attached to the tip; simple and inexpensive manufacturing and as- Figure l5 is a' fragmentary elevational view scmbling operations with the result that a highly partly in cross section of a bottom end of a modiei'ncient and practical pencil is produced at a fied form of pencil body showing a ring formed :.f.; minimum oi' cost and trouble. permanently attached to the body; and :l

Other objects not specifically enumerated are Figure 16 is an elevational view partly in cross contemplated for this invention as will readily section of a modified form of pencil tip whereby appear to one skilled in the art as the following a molded portion is permanently locked directly description proceeds. to the metallic lead gripping end of the up.

In the commun drawings the various Referring now to Figure 1, it will be noted that s the pencil here illustrated comprises a body designated generally 20, and a removable tip designated generally 2i. The tip is rotatable relative to the body for the purpose of propelling a lead. The tip portion comprises a lead tube 22, a lead gripping metallic end portion 23 and a body portion 24 which may be formed of any suitable material and is preferably formed of molded nonrnetallic substances, such as synthetic resins, or the like. The lead tube 22 is provided with a knurled or threaded portion 25, which is forced into a central opening 26 of the tip end so as to become tightly secured thereto. This connection may be provided by any type of holding fit but, as here illustrated, the tube is equipped with steep pitched cutting threads which cut their way into the metallic end so as to become iinmovably secured thereto. The threads likewise extend along the lead tube 22 into the central opening 2l of the body of the tip 24, and thus when the tip body is molded around the lead tube a unitary tip construction is provided.

As illustrated in Figures 1 and '7, the lead tube extends upwardly beyond the end of the tip and is constricted at its upper end and provided internally with threads (not shown) which have threaded engagement with threads on a plunger 30. The plunger 30 is of sufllcient length to advance a piece of lead Hill through and out of the end 23 of the tip end. It will be noted that the tip end is provided with a slot so that the opposed portions may be sprung inwardly slightly to frictionally hold the lead 100.

The upper end of the plunger is preferably flattened as at 3i for slidable lbut non-rotatable en` gagement with a flattened tube 3l carried in the body and adapted for rotating the plunger lrelative to the tip. As shown in Figure 1, the upper portion of the tip body 24 is formed with an opening 33 which surrounds the upper portion of the lead tube whereby the hub member 35 may project downwardly into the opening 33 in such manner that the lower end 36 of the plunger receiving tube 31 may surround and frictionally engage the outer surface of the lead tube 22. Any suitable means may be provided for establishing this frictional holding action as hereinafter more fully described.

The hub member referred to is illustrated in Figures 1 and 12 wherein it will be noted it comprises a cylindrical member 35 preferably of metaltand having -a rounded bottom edge 38 and a raised knurled or serrated upper portion 38. The knurled upper portion terminates about midway the height of the hub whereby the hub may be fitted with a tightly secured ring 40 to be hereinafter more fully described.

Furthermore, the hub is preferably provided with a slight shoulder 4i on its upper edge whereby the serrations may readily establish their initial cutting action.

A modified construction oi' hub is shown in Figure 13 wherein the ring 40 is formed as an integral portion of the hub. It will be noted from Figure l1 that the hub is further provided with a central opening 42 in which is mounted the plunger receiving tube 31, the construction of which is best shown in Figure 9. 'I'his tube 'I'l has its upper portion deformed to a partially fiat cross section in the manner best illustrated in Figure 3 so that it has a central cylindrical part for receiving the threaded plunger 35 and the diametrlcally disposed parts 45 for receiving the head 3i of ihe plunger. The lower portion of the plunger receiving tube is preferably cylindrical as shown and'is provided throughout a portion prising spring sections 41 formed by arcuate slots as illustrated which are depressed slightly inwardly. There may be one or more of these in the circumference of the tube. Furthermore, as illustrated in Figure 11, more than one set of such spring sections may be provided throughout the lengt-h of the lower portion of the tube in order to provide spaced supporting contacts. 'Ihis type of holding means, providing, longitudinally spaced sets of spring sections, more firmly holds the tip against wobbling. A

A still further modified form is illustrated in Figure 10 wherein it will be noted the end of the tube is provided with a slot so that lthe opposed portions of the tube may be pressed together to give a resilient, frictional gripping A action for holding the tip to the pencil body. The upper end of the plunger receiving tube is preferably closed as at 5| by suitable crimping over the end of the tube.

After the plunger tube is secured within the y central opening of the hub there is next provided a body tube 55 preferably constructed of metal as illustrated in Figure 5 except that it is not provided with the upper opening until later in the This tube has spring sections assembly process. at the upper cnd thereof and is further provided adjacent the top with a raised knurl or serrated portion 5B.

When the type of hub illustrated in Figures@ and Il is used the tube 55 is forced down upon the raised knurl or serrated portion I8 of the hub so as to firmly anchor the hub 35 onto the upper portion of the hub. In the form illustrated in Figure 11, the upper portion of the hub is not provided with a raised knurl or serrated portion but is formed of a relatively soft metal, such as aluminum, and the tube is secured thereto by means of prick punches 50 or some other equivalent and suitable form of attachment. In

mounting the tube 55 on the hub it will be noted f that it is positioned thereon with its lower edge in abutment with the ring 40.

Thereafter a nnishing shell having a pleasing decorative appearance is ntted onto the tube 55 in the manner illustrated in Figure 6. 'I'his shell f" has an internal diameter which allo'ws it to snugly nt the tube 55 and has a length so that its upper edge terminates Just below the raised knurl 58 adjacent the upper end of the tube 55. With the parts so assembled, with care being taken that the shell 55 is all the way on the tube 55 with its lower end in abutment with the ring 40, the tube and shell are next subjected to apunching or similar operation whereby the openings 55 are provided for accommodating som'e means for locking the shell and the tube together. The locking means may be the clip of the pencil, as illustrated in Figure 1.

Next in the assembling operation, a clip 58 which position, the locking sleeve 61 may then be inserted into the upper end of the tube 55. As shown in Figure 8, the locking sleeve is preferably provided with an indentation 6810i a size to receivethe upper end of the tang of the clip so that upon the exertion of a strong downward force, the sleeve is forced inwardly to a further extent thereby causing a deformation to occur by the displacing action of the tang on the sleeve so that a strong wedg'ing occurs with a recess formed in situ for accommodating and holding the tang of the clip and further forming a secure locking i means for maintaining all of the'parts in assembled relation.

In addition to the above. however, a suitable finishing ring l0 is preferably providedpressed into holding engagement with the raised knurl 58 at the4 upper portion of the tube 55 Thus it will be noted that the body of the tube 55 and the finishing sleeve Vare held in abutment at their lower edges against the ring 40 carried by the hub 35 and that the upper portion-of the ilnishing sleeve is held bythe finishing ring 10. In some instances where the clip is not wanted, the nishing sleeve may be held on the sleeve 55 by the action of the ring 'I0 alone.

In the form illustrated in Figure' l, the locking sleeve 61 preferably terminates slightly below the upper edge of the tube 55, thus providing a shoulder for holding an eraser 12 mounted in a suitable metallic spring sided cup 13. This eraser and cup may be of any suitable conventional construction. The spring sections 51 at the upper end of the tube 55 are deflected outwardly for establishing a frictional holding action with a finishing cap 18 which encloses the eraser and finishes the pencil construction. Any suitable number of spring sections may be provided around the periphery of the tube.

By referring to Figure 1 it will be noted .that space is provided inside of the tube 55 and surrounding the plunger tube 2l. This space, as clearly shownlin Figure 3, provides an annular compartment for accommodating spare leads 82 for reloading the pencil when the lead |00 thereoi becomes exhausted. This lead chamber is available for giving access to the leads by removing 'cap 18, eraser and cup l2- 1I so that the leads may then be caused to tall from the upper end oi' the pencil when the pencil is inverted. Thereafter the eraser aud the cap may be replaced and the lead compartment closed.

The pencil isloaded in the conventional way for removable tipped pencils and is accomplished by removing the tip from the body by an endwise pull and then by removing' the plunger I0 from the lead tube 22 and then placing the fresh lead into the upper end of the lead tube and replacing the plunger. -Thereupon the tip may be replaced on the end of the body of the pencil by an endwise push to restore the parts to their' normal operating relationship-as illustrated in Figure l.

Special attention is called to the construction oi. the ring member 40 and the ring member 10 at the top of the pencil. This ring is provided with a rounded outer edge with its crown positioned approximately midway the height of the ring. It is so constructed that the external diameter of the ring is substantially equal to the maximum diameter of the body of the pencil or that portion of the pencil which has the largest diameter. 'This ring has particular usefulness in cases where either the tip or the body, or both. have regular polygonal sides and thus, due to the ability of the tip to rotate with respect to the body, the alignment ot the flat sides of the polygonal portion of the pencil may become misaligned with the flat sides of the opposite portion oi' the pencil. In such cases of misalignment, as well as in cases where absolute concentricity between the tip and the body has not been attained, the resulting sharp. joining edges between the tip and the body provides an irritating and displeasing A feel at the place on the pencil which is gripped by the fingers of the user in the process of writing with the pencil. This ring, which, due to its circular formation and to its external diameter being selected to substantially coincide with the maximum diameter of the associated pencil parts, and further, due to its rounder outer contour, effectively aliminates the sharp edges which would result from misalignment of the adjacent edges of the tip and body. Furthermore, this is a".- complished without interposing between the tip and the body any member which, of itself, protrudes to a noticeable extent beyond the outside contour of the pencil. In other words, the objectionable feel of the sharp edges is eliminated without substituting a bulky protruding'ring or other noticeable member at the joint. As a result, the user picks up the pencil and writes with it, without experiencing any strikingly noticeable Joint or member at the location where the tip joins the body of the pencil.

If desired, the corners formed by the 'edge and the adjacent flat sides of the bodymay be slightly rounded as illustrated in Figures 6 and 15. In Figures 14 and 15, respectively. the rings |0I and |02, corresponding structurally and functionally to the ring 40. are shown formed as parts of the tip and the body respectively, instead of as a part of the hub member 35 as above described. Furthermore, when the ring is formed as a part of the tip or body, it obviously could be made integral therewith instead of as a separate ring attached in the manner shown.

In Figure 16 there is illustrated a modided tip construction wherein the end which corresponds to the end 23 shown in Figure l,` is formed with a cylindrical internal surface 9|, for engaging the steep pitch threads 92 of the lead tube 22 and is further provided with a ilared portion I3 which surrounds the lead tube 82 in a manner to provide a space Il therebetween. At the upper edge of the portion DI of the tip end 90 there is formed a burr or rolled edge which provides a relatively small holding lip or flange which overhangs the space 9| referred to. Thus when the body portion IB is molded thereon in amanner substantially as previously described in connection with Figure 1, a portion of the molded material nows into the space 94 and under the edge or lip il and provides a keying 'portion for securely anchoring the body and the end portion of the tip together to form a strong,

unitary construction. Furthermore. it will be noted that the raised -knurled portion 82 with its steep pitch threads securely locks the molded body portion l0 to the end l0.

The term lateralf as used in certain of the appended claims in deningthe character oi' the openings Il in the wall of the non-metallic casi-ng and the metallic lining of the pencil body, is intended' .to characterize the direction of the opening and not the shape of the opening. That is to say, it is intended to characterize the opening as extending from the outside to the inside through the wall of the pencil and is not intended to limit in any respect to the cross-sectional shape or the direction of any cross dimension of the opening, which may vary as desired. Thus, these claims cover a longitudinally extending lateral opening as well as a transversely extending lateral opening of the type illustrated in the drawings.

I claim:

1. A pencil of the character described comprising a body portion and a removable tip, a lead tube having a plunger therein mounted in said tip, said body comprising a plunger tube having frlctional engagement with said lead tube for holding said tip and body in operative association and having a portion non-rotatably receivinga portion o! said plunger, and a hub-like member mounted intermediate the ends of said plunger tube, and a tubular body member mounted on said hub-like member.

2. A mechanical pencil comprising in combi;- nation a removable tip having a lead tube and plunger, a pencil body comprising a plunger tube having means for frictionally engaging said lead tube of said tip, means' mounted on said plunger tube intermediate the ends thereof and a tubular body member secured to said means and enclosing said plunger tube.

3. A mechanical pencil comprising in combination a removable tip having a lead tube and plunger, a pencil body vhaving a plunger tube adapted to have frictional engagement with said lead tube to hold said tip and body in operative association, a hub member mounted on said plunger tube intermediate the ends thereof and a tubular body member secured to said hub member and enclosing said plunger tube, said tubular body member comprising a-metallic tube and a finishing shell mounted on said metallic tube.

4. A pencil comprising a body and a removable tip, said tip having a lead tube and plunger removable therewith, said body comprising a hub member having a ring thereon, and portions for receiving the tip in abutment with one side oi said ring and for receiving a body member in abutment with the opposite side of said ring, a plunger tube mounted in said hub member for frictionally engaging said lead tube.

5. A pencil comprising a body and a removable tip. said tip having a lead tube and plunger, said body comprising a hub member having a ring thereon, and portions for receiving the tip in abutment with one side of said ring and for receiving a body member in abutment with the opposite side of said ring, a plunger tube mounted in said hub member and projecting below said hub for frictionally engaging said lead tube.

6. A pencil comprising a body and a removable tip, said tip having-a lead tube and threaded plunger therein, said body comprising a hub member having a ring thereon, and portions for receiving the tip in abutment with one side of said ring and for receiving a body member in abutment with the opposite side oi' said ring, a plunger tube mounted in said hub member and projecting below said hub for frictionally engaging said lead tube, and having its opposite end projecting inwardly beyond said hub and constructed to non-rotatably engage a portion of said plunger.

7. In a pencil. the combination of a body comprising a metallic tubular structure and a sleeve like casing member mounted on said tubular structure, a tip removably mounted on the lower end oi said body, lead advancing means adapted to be actuated by the rotation of said tip, a ring on said tubular structure in abutment with the lower end of said casing member and constituting a shoulder providing an abutment for the upper end of said tip.

8. A pencil body comprising a hub having a centrally disposed ring thereon, a metal tube mounted on said hub'on one side of said ring and in abutment therewith and a body casing member' disposed on said metal tube and in abutment with said ring, means carried by said hub for frictionally and releasably holding a tip on said hub in abutmentwith the opposite side of said ring, and means for holding said body casing member against displacement on said tube.

9. A pencil comprising a body. a removable tip, and a removable 'cap, said body 'comprising a hub, a metallic tube, and a casing. said casing being mounted on said tube and terminating short of the end thereof, said metallic tube having spring sections for frictionally holding said lsaid openings. and means inside of said tube for anchoring said clip.

11. A pencil body comprising a hub member having a flange thereon, a metallic tube mounted on said hub and abutting said ilange and a nonmetallic casing mounted on said tube and abutti'ng said flange, aligned lateral openings through said casing and tube and a clip, extending through said openings, and means inside of said tube for anchoring said clip, said hub having a portion for receiving a removable tip in abutment with the opposite side of said flange.

12. A pencil body comprising a hub member having a flange `thereon, a metallic tube mounted on said hub and abutting said ilange and a nonmetallic casing mounted on said tube and abutting said ilange, aligned lateral openings through said casing and tube and a clip extending through said openings, and means inside o! said tube for anchoring said clip, said hub having a. portion for receiving a removable tip in abutment with the opposite side of said flange, and means mounted in said hub for irictionally holding said tip on said body.

13. A pencil tip comprising a lead gripping end portion, a lead tube and a molded body portion, said lead gripping portion being secured to said lead carrying tube and having a. portion surrounding said lead carrying tube forming a keying pocket therebetween, said molded portion of said tip having a part occupying said keyed pocket whereby said parts are held in assembled relation.

14. A mechanical pencil comprising a body and a tip removable from said body. said tip having lead guide means and a plunger'removable from said body with said tip, said body comprising an inner metallic member and a non-metallic casing mounted and supported on said inner metallic member, said metallic member having a portion projecting beyond said nonmetallic casing and being adapted to be received within said tip, means for holding said inner metallic member and noni-metallic casing in assembled relation, means in said metallic member for cooperating with said plunger when said tip and body are in operative association, and cooperating'means carried by said body and tip, respectively, for holding said tip to said body.

15, A mechanical pencil comprising a body and a tip removable from said body, said tip lhaving lead guide means and a plunger removable from said tip, said body comprising an inner metallic member and a non-metallic casing mounted and supported on said inner metallic member, said metallic member having a portion projecting beyond said non-metallic casing and being adapted to be received within said tip, means for holding said inner metallic member and nonmetallic casing in assembled relation, means in said metallic member for cooperating with said plunger when said tip and body are in operative association, and cooperating irictional means carried by said body and tip, respectively, for. holding said tip to said body.

16. A mechanical pencil comprising a body and a tip removable from said body, said tip having lead guide means and a plunger removable from said body with said tip, said body comprising an inner metallic member and a non-metallic casing mounted and supported on said inner metallic member, said metallic member having a portion projecting beyond said non-metallic casing and being adapted to be received within .said tip, means in said body for cooperating with said plunger when said tip and body are in operative association, lateral openings in said metallic member and non-metallic casing, a clip extending through said openings for holding said nonmetallic casing and metallic member in assembled relation, and cooperating frictional means carried by said body and tip, respectively, for holdin@l said tip to said body.

17. A mechanical pencil comprising in combination, a body and a removable tip having a lead guide tube and a plunger removabletherewith from said body, said pencil body comprising an inner metallic member and a non-metallic casing mounted on said inner metallic member, said metallic member having a portion projecting beyond said non-metallic casing and being adapted to be received in said tip, means for holding said inner metallic member and non-metallic casing in assembled relation, a tube within said metallic member adapted to cooperate with said plunger and having irictional engagement with a portion of said tip to hold said tip in operative association with said body.

18. A mechanical pencil comprising in combination, a body and a removable tip having a lead guide tube and a plunger removable therewith from said body, said pencil body comprising an inner metallic member and a non-metallic casing' mounted on said inner metallic member, said metallic member having a portion projecting beyond said non-metallic casing and being adapted to be received in said tip, lateral openings in said metallic member and non-metallic casing. a clip extending through said openings for holding said non-metallic casing and said metallic member incasing mounted on said inner metallic member. said metallic member having a portion projec.- ing beyond said non-metallic casing and being adapted to be received in said tip, means for holding said metallic member and non-metallic casing in assembled relation, a tube within said metallic member .for frictionally receiving said lead guide tube to hold saidtip to said body and means within said metallic member ior operatively engaging said plunger.

20. A mechanical pencil comprising in combination, a body and a removable tip having a lead guide tube and a plunger removable from said Vbody with said tip, said pencil body comprising an inner metallic member and a nonmctallic casing mounted on said inner metallic member, said metallic member having a portion projecting beyond said non-metallic casing and being adapted to be received in said tip, means for holding said metallic member and non metallic casing in assembled relation, a plunger tube Within said metallic member for frictionally receiving said lead guide tube to hold said tip to said body, said plunger tube being adapted to have operative engagement with said plunger.

21. A mechanical pencil comprising in combination a body and a removable tip having a lead guide tube and a plunger removable from said body with said tip, said pencil body comprising an inner metallic member and a non-metallic casing mounted on said inner metallic member, said metallic member having a portionprojecting beyond said non-metallic casing and being adapted to be received in said tip, lateral openings in said metallic member and non-metallic casing, a clip extending through said openings for holding said non-metallic shell and metallic. member in assembled relation. a tube within said metallic member for frictionally receiving said lead guide tube to hold said tip to said body and. means within said metallic member for cooperatively engaging said plunger.

22. A mechanical pencil having a body comprising a non-metallic member provided with an axial bore extending therethrough and a metallic lining element fitted within said bore' and extending the entire length oi said bore and protruding from both ends thereof, a tip having lead guide means and a plunger, removable from said body with said tip, said tip being adapted to ilt on and over one protruding end-o1' said lining element,

means within said. linmg element for cooperating with said plunger when said tip a'nd body are in cooperative association, cooperating frictionaly means carried by said body and tip respectively for holding said tip in operative association to said body, and a cap mounted on the other pro truding end oi said lining element.

23. A mechanical pencil having a body comprising a. non-metallic member provided with an f axial bore extending therethrough and a metallic lining element tted within said bore and extending the entire length of said bore and protruding from both ends thereof, a tip having lead guide means and a plunger, removable from i,

said body with said tip, said tip being adapted to ilt on .and over one protruding end oi said lining element, means within said lining element for cooperating with said plunger when said tip and body are in` cooperative association, cooperating irictional means carried by said body and tip respectively for holding said tip in operative association to said body. a cap mounted on the other protruding end oi' said lining element,

aligned lateral openings throush said nonme tallic member and lining element, and a clip having a portion extending through said openings and means within said lining element for anchoring said clip whereby said non-metallic member and lining element are, locked in assembledl relation.

24. A mechanical pencil having a body comprising a non-metallic member provided with an axial bore extending therethrough and a metallic lining element htted within said bore and extendingthroughout substantially the length of said-bore and protruding from at least one end thereof, a tip having lead guide means -and a plunger, removable from said body with said tip. said tip being adapted to tit on and over the protruding end of said lining element, means within said lining element for cooperating with said plunger when said tip and body are in cooperative association. and cooperating frictional means carried by said body .and tip respectively for holding said tip in operative association with said body.

25. A mechanical pencil having a bo'dy oor'nprising a non-metallic'member provided with an axial bore extending therethrough and a metallic lining element fitted within said bore and extending throughout substantially the length of said bore and protruding from at least one end thereof, a tip having lead guide means and a plunger, removable from said body with said tip, said tip being adapted to fit on and over the protruding end of said lining element, means within said lining element for cooperating with said plunger when said tip ,and body are in cooperative association, cooperating i'rictional means carried by said body and tip respectively for holding said tip in operative association with said body, aligned lateral openings through the non-metallic member and the lining element and a clip having a portion extending through said openings and means within said lining element for anchoring said clip whereby said non-metallic member and lining element are locked in assembled relation.

JOHN P. LYNN. 

